Not exactly the most appetizing picture you’ve ever seen, eh?
As I told you recently, when I was in California a couple weeks ago I met Jack Bezian, “the sourdough bread guy”. He told us that bread yeast is genetically modified, which motivated me to do some research. Apparently it is commonly known that instant bread yeast is genetically modified, but from what I can tell, regular yeast is not. (However, just because I couldn’t find anything on that, it wouldn’t surprise me.) So the point is, I’d really like to get away from yeast breads, and not just to avoid GMOs, but also because sourdoughs are a much more traditional way to make bread, and they have many health benefits. (More about that at the Jack Bezian link above.)
My first attempt at sourdough bread was a big bomb.
I never got any rise, so I ended up with a couple bricks. I’m wondering if my starter was bad. After talking to Jack I was ready to try again. This time I got a little bit of a rise, but not much (see picture above). While it was crusty on the outside and softer on the inside like Jack’s, and Kent liked the taste and thought it made good toast, this bread surely can’t be used for sandwiches.
(What to do with your bombs? Make seasoned bread crumbs!)
I’d like to know…
Is it even possible to make a higher, lighter sourdough bread? Have any of you been able to pull this off? I want a bread that can be used for sandwiches that isn’t too sour or too heavy so the kids will eat it.
Where to get a sourdough starter
I just ordered a new sourdough starter, my problem must be with my starter so I’m excited to try this one. Also, here is a helpful Q & A on sourdough breads/starters.
I’m not giving up!
Until I get the sourdough breads figured out, I’ll stick to my tried and true bread recipe that is perfect for sandwiches and all the rest. I’ll keep you posted on my yeast-free progress!
This is part of the no-GMO blog carnival, be sure to add your no-GMO post or comment there, too!
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{ 43 comments… read them below or add one }
Sustainable Eats 05.11.09 at 2:27 am
That probably is your starter – I’ve been making desem which is a flemish bread w/o yeast and it’s really high rising and less tangy then sourdough. But I brought some to the market Saturday to trade with a lady who makes sourdough and hers was very high and light, almost as much as my regular sandwich bread which I soak but use 1/2 the amount of commercial yeast the recipe calls for and just let it rise longer. So it IS possible. Hopefully your new starter will fix things for you. Do you know if SAF yeast is GM? I never even though about the yeast being GM before, even though I knew it wasn’t as good for you as a wild yeast. Thanks for the post!
Sustainable Eats’s last blog post..How Can You Save Money Buying Locally?
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Betsy 05.11.09 at 5:29 am
That’s good to know about the yeast – although not good to know, yanno?
I recently bought some dehydrated sourdough starter from the same source, but I haven’t opened the package yet. I’m waiting for you to perfect the technique! No, that’s not true. I’m waiting for something to happen and be done with. I don’t want to learn to tend sourdough starter during.
I can’t wait to try it out, though!!
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Ashley 05.11.09 at 6:58 am
Ooooooooooh – I just bought some starter from the same site. Please let us know how yours turns out – I won’t start mine until you’ve perfected the technique, as I am a TOTAL bread making newbie!!!
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Liz 05.11.09 at 7:52 am
Kelly, I’ve been trying to make sourdough from my own starter for years. I’ve mostly had flops and failures. I think I’m going to order some starter from the source you listed and give it another try. Thanks for the inspiration!
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Julie 05.11.09 at 8:16 am
Hi Kelly,
I’ve heard good things about this bread. I still have to try it. Maybe between you and I we can come up with a really great, and possible! sourdough bread.
http://www.breadtopia.com/whole-grain-sourdough/
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Kathy 05.11.09 at 9:03 am
Hey, I’ve had the same struggles with bread. Wanting a recipe for homemade bread that we can use for sandwiches, but not finding it. I made my own sourdough starter (following the technique on Laura’s Heavenly Homemaker blog) and after a few tries that weren’t so great– it’s working extremely well now! I understand that it takes time for the starter to really take off, and I’m learning little tricks about what works and what doesn’t. I also use a bread recipe that includes eggs and milk. Now that I think about it, I can’t remember which site I got that from. I’ll look and then let you know where it is.
Good luck!
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Beth 05.11.09 at 9:07 am
My sourdough starter died this week so I started a new one yesterday. Wild Fermentation said that yeast like the starchy water from cooking potatoes so I boiled some potatoes and used that water this time (last time I just used filtered water and it took about 2 weeks to stabalize and be usable). I may set it outside today to catch some yeast better – it’s not looking so great right now
. My old starter lasted months and months – it was my own negligence that made it die (sigh).
Kelly, I use mine for sandwich bread and it’s wonderful. I’m looking for the link… I use the dough cycle and bake in the oven…I love that you only have to remember it at meal times when I’m in the kitchen anyway. Here it is:
http://www.ehow.com/printarticle.html?id=2253654
You always come up with gems of info, like the GMO yeast.
Beth
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Karen 05.11.09 at 10:17 am
Sourdough bread has been my culinary nemesis – looking (and tasting) just like yours above. First I thought my yeast was dead; then I thought my oven was flawed…and so on. The recipe I love the most is with rye flour. What type did you use? Please keep us posted on your progress. I count on you to be our version of “America’s Test Kitchen.”
Thanks and good luck!!
Karen’s last blog post..Green Eggs and Mom
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Jenny @ NourishedKitchen 05.11.09 at 10:56 am
I find that it all varies depending on your starter. A Parisian Starter tends to lend a very high, light-tasting loaf. Of course, Cultures for Health has TONS of sourdough starters – surely one will fit your needs. I have two going right now: a parisian style for light, high loaves and a danish rye for thick dense rye flavored loaves.
Jenny @ NourishedKitchen’s last blog post..Salmon Cakes
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Laurie Ashton Farook 05.11.09 at 11:01 am
It sounds like the starter to me, too.
I’ve only been making sourdough breads for about a year with a starter I created from flour and water only – shipping one to Sri Lanka would have been problematic at best. I use no yeast. My first breads were on the flat side – you know, like dwarf bread.
But as the starter matured, it got better. Nice, decently fluffy breads after a month or two.
Not all of them turn out that way, but that’s due more to my impatience or bad scheduling in waiting for them to rise more so than anything else – sourdough breads take longer to rise. I can’t miss sleep just to get fluffier bread. So for me, it’s more of trying to get down the timing better than anything else.
By the way, mine is not at all sour – not all are. Mine is great for any kind of bread, including sweet breads and cinnamon buns and the like.
Back to your starter. It could be that it just needs more adjustment time, not that it’s necessarily bad. If it was dried, if you’re using different types of flours, if it’s in a different sort of environment (wildly different temperatures, for example), that could account for it being off. I’ve read that it can take a couple or so weeks for the starter to adjust & get back to full speed. Or it could be that you’re not refreshing your starter before using it (that bit of instruction wasn’t on any of the recipes I saw) and/or not waiting for it to be ready, ie, it hasn’t doubled or more in volume yet. It could be that your starter is still too immature if you started it yourself. It could be that the water you’re using has chlorine or minerals or such in it – better to use stood water or bottled water.
Without knowing your full routine and the recipe, it’s difficult to tell, but that should get you started with some ideas anyway.
Laurie Ashton Farook’s last blog post..Witch’s Brew, also known as Paspanguwa
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Rose 05.11.09 at 11:35 am
It’s looking better than my last attempt! I tried making my starter from scratch. You know the saying “You’ll know if fermented food has gone bad”. Well it is true! I probably should have put on a hazmat suit when i threw it out! Scary! I may have to try again sometime.
(Btw I hear making a starter using organic grapes can make a “sweeter” less sour loaf. I may try this summer.)
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Naomi 05.11.09 at 12:22 pm
Now THAT’s a good picture! I had to laugh when I saw it, but I understand the frustration of carefully following the instructions, lovingly forming that loaf with anticipation of a beautifully risen gorgeous masterpiece coming out of the oven, only to discover a flop. What a disappointment! But it does sound like it’s something that gets better with each try. I’m hopeful, at least. I’ve got a homemade starter going, white whole wheat flour and pineapple juice. It’s fermenting but it’s not exactly going wild with bubbles. Just enough to tell that it’s working a little. It’s difficult too, because the only even slightly warm place in my house is the area on my desk right over my computer tower. But the warmth is consistent though. Today is supposed to be the day to actually start the bread. We’ll see how it goes.
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Annie - Hip Organic Mama 05.11.09 at 1:24 pm
I haven’t yet tried a starter but will use your links and give it a try one day soon. Thanks! And great pic – very enticing!
Annie – Hip Organic Mama’s last blog post..Salsa & Chips, it’s not so simple anymore
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Motherhen68 05.11.09 at 3:03 pm
I grew my own starter. I had it on the (open)window sil when the weather wasn’t 1 million degrees outside like it is now. I’ve made both pancakes and bread with it each week. I find that my sourdough bread does much better when I shape the loaf into a ball and let it do it’s second rise. The ones I baked in the loaf pans were flat and dense and just gross. I also do 3 rises, 1 rise overnight, punch down in the morning and shape into ball, let rise again, punch down, shape into ball and I put a bowl over it so it doesn’t spread. Then after that’s risen, I bake it. It’s got plenty of air bubbles.
I do find it pleasantly sour. My kids notice it more than I do.
Motherhen68’s last blog post..Wonderful Mother’s Day
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Kelly 05.11.09 at 10:17 pm
This is my favorite part of the blog, chatting with you guys in the comments!
Sus.Eats, I think SAF is instant (isn’t it?), so it must be GMO.
(I used to use that kind, too.) Where can I find a flemish bread starter and a recipe? I’d like to try that. BTW, I made my regular bread recipe today (to hold us over ’til I figure out the yeast-free) and did what you said and used half the yeast – it did take a little longer, but turned out fine still!
Betsy, Ashley & Liz, YOU go first! LOL
Kathy, until I figure out the sourdough/yeast-free breads, I’m still making this recipe that I’ve got down pretty well and makes great sandwich bread: http://www.kellythekitchenkop.com/2008/10/organic-soaked-homemade-bread-recipe-in.html
Julie, hate to tell ya, but that recipe was my most recent semi-flop. (No where near as bad as my original flop.) But again, I think I messed up my starter and that it wasn’t the recipe’s fault!
Beth, that pic (at the site you gave) doesn’t look very high, though – you said it works for a sandwich bread, but isn’t it too heavy? Maybe yours is higher and lighter than that picture looks…?
Karen, funny you say that about the rye flour – that’s what this recipe called for, but I didn’t have any so I used more spelt…or maybe more whole wheat, can’t remember…maybe that was part of the problem, too.
Jenny, I didn’t know they had tons of starters, I thought she only had one! I’ll have to contact her again to let her know which one I want to try. Thanks for the scoop!
Wow, the rest of you have all given me such great info, too – when I’m ready to go again I’ll have to print this all out and read it carefully!
Thanks everybody!
Off to bed before midnight tonight, I’ve got tomorrow’s post scheduled to go, woohoo!!
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Emma 05.12.09 at 12:55 am
Just wanted to add a wonderful sourdough site: http://www.sourdoughhome.com/ Now, he doesn’t specialise in wholemeal or stone-ground, or GM-free or anything like that. He specialises in BREAD, especially sourdough. He has instructions for making your own starter, but doesn’t recommend that until your are more experienced.
Emma’s last blog post..Scheduling 3 children
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Sustainable Eats 05.12.09 at 1:00 am
I got the desem recipe from the Laurel Kitchen Bread Book I think it’s called & I started it myself. I could try to mail you some but not sure it would make it this time of year – what are your temps like? It takes some doing to start it, you have to feed it daily, knead it 10 min a day and keep it between 50 and 55 to get it going. Then you keep it in the fridge and feed it twice a week. It’s great tasting though. It tastes like rye bread w/o the tang, very complex and yummy.
Sustainable Eats’s last blog post..How Can You Save Money Buying Locally?
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CHEESESLAVE 05.12.09 at 3:22 pm
Remember, Jack told you it was your starter!
I just got my new sourdough starters from http://www.culturesforhealth.com
Can’t wait to start baking!
CHEESESLAVE’s last blog post..How to Make Homemade Laundry Detergent
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Toni Lineberry 05.12.09 at 4:02 pm
Thanks Kelly for posting this! I love to bake my own bread using a bread machine at home and had no idea that this yeast was modified. You say that non-quick yeast is not modified? This is really useful info. I have posted this story in our links at Demand GMO Labeling! on facebook.
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Gramoni 05.12.09 at 9:34 pm
I struggled with sourdough for a year before getting the process straightened out. I learned from a woman who spent 6 years living off the land on a mountain top with her family. One of her favorite resources was the Encyclopedia of Country Living. The recipes in that book and her expertise (she baked nothing but sourdough for those years) enabled me to produce this wonderful, sandwich-able, high-rise bread which my family loves and some have called the best bread they have ever tasted.
Having struggled with Sally’s recipe in NT, I found out there were two things I was doing wrong in blindly following it. The first: I was going according to time periods instead of observing the starter. (You don’t have to buy a starter,BTW. In fact, after you’ve used it once it won’t be the same starter, having picked up whatever yeast is in the air of your kitchen.) What my friend told me was “Don’t use it if it looks like this, and do use it if it looks like that.” You should use it only if it is full of bubbles. This look means it is active and feeding and will devour the flour you add to it, producing air bubbles leading to a good rise.
The other thing I have not seen mentioned in any other recipe–and it is so crucial! The loaf must be sealed off from the air in order to rise. If it gets any kind of crust on it it will not rise. Encyclopedia of Country Living has the only recipe I have found that specifically tells you to seal the loaf pans with plastic wrap. (It also advises you to use plastic wrap with five holes only poked in it to culture the starter.)
When sourdough rises a long time it gets more sour. To my taste it is better when it rises in the loaf for about 2 hours. The key to keeping the rise time down is not letting the dough lose the heat it has built up rising in the lump overnight. (I set my whole wheat flour in a bowl to soak in buttermilk and water and starter overnight by the woodstove in winter and in my gas oven in the summer with only the pilot flame on. Perfect temperature.) You should work fast, adding the unbleached flour (I have not yet advanced to complete whole grains–mine is about half and half, what Sally calls “cheater’s bread”), salt, sweetener,a little baking soda, and lard, kneading it and quickly putting it back in the warm place in the loaf pans. If it gets cold, it could take many hours to rise.
Hope this helps someone. My mission is to apply this same technique to all whole grain.
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Kathy 05.13.09 at 8:45 am
I found the link to the recipe I use! It’s been great sandwich bread and my starter has matured to the point where it’s pretty predictable. I find– like Laurie– that when it doesn’t work as well, it’s usually because of my impatience or bad planning. But we haven’t bought bread from the store in quite a while and I’m thrilled!
Here’s the link:
http://sarahs-musings.blogspot.com/2008/07/sourdough-honey-whole-wheat-bread.html
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EasyReader 05.13.09 at 6:23 pm
Kelly, When I was diagnosed gluten intolerant 5 years ago I started trying to figure out how to make real bread that I could eat. The cool part is that I found that it is WAY EASIER than you would believe. I just got my recipe posted yesterday, its my first one! I’m new to this computer stuff, how do you post a link?, anyway here is the site.
http://www.ehow.com/how_5018402_make-bread-really-trying-kneading.html
You don’t have to knead or use a mixer, even a Bosch! I own one but I don’t need it to make awesome, soft, delicious bread. And you don’t use any yeast either, its real Sourdough!
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Marianne 05.14.09 at 12:19 am
I have only ever tried the Sourdough from Nourishing Traditions. I originally started by getting some starter from a friend (who laughed because she said it was so simple to do yourself). Since then, I have started my own several times.
Some things I have noticed in tending the starter:
Feed it at the same time everyday once it is going, and make your bread at that time with the starter before feeding it again (thus the starter is most ready to devour the new flour).
“Soupy” is relative. Watch for good bubbles and a wine-like aroma.
Then, for the bread-making:
Measure the flour by cutting off the excess with the back of a knife (not shaking, which is what I originally did, which caused me to add too much flour making a poor rise and overly dense loaf).
Knead well until it has the consistency you think a loaf should.
Let rise as long as it needs to double. Do not bake unless it has doubled. If you want to “speed up” the process, place the loaves in a warm oven (or near the oven vent on your stove if you are baking something else).
I am sure you’ll have success soon!
Keep a towel over them to protect temperature.
Marianne’s last blog post..Nutrient-Dense Bread Making: A Compromise
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Kelly 05.14.09 at 11:03 am
Sus. Eats, thanks but I’ve ordered another starter to try for now and we’ll see how this one goes!
Ann Marie, I know, but the starter I used for this recipe WAS a new one after my LAST one bombed, too!
Gramoni, that was SUCH helpful info and makes so much sense!!! Thank you so much, I’ll be referring back to your comment OFTEN!
Marianne, same for your comment!
Kathy & Easy Reader, I will check out your links soon.
Thanks for giving me hope, everyone!
Kelly
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Jessica O. 05.18.09 at 3:03 pm
I am pretty new to the sourdough world too. I have been making Kimi’s sour dough recipe with pretty good success. The kids just love it & you can make sandwiches w it. It is easy to do!
http://www.thenourishinggourmet.com/2009/01/669.html
Jessica O.
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Stephanie 05.21.09 at 9:43 pm
Look at this video. It looks so easy.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d1D23yFkNiA&feature=related
The exact recipe was written in their latest magazine, so it is probably available on their website.
http://rubies.articledirectoree.com/
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Kelly 05.23.09 at 8:53 am
Stephanie, thanks for sharing this – YES! It DOES look so easy how she does it! Can’t find the exact recipe, though, but may be able to wing it from her video and then I’ll make note of the recipe if it works. Her tip about leaving the dough wet may be the whole reason mine was like a big brick!
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Wendy 05.27.09 at 1:05 am
Hello, I don’t have time to read all the comments to see if this is a repeat, but I’ve been able to make a great, light sourdough in my bread machine. I use 2 cups of healthy, bubbly starter, a cup of white flour, a cup of red wheat flour, half cup of rye, and a cup and a half of spelt flour, 3/4 to 1 cup water, and 2 t salt. I knead it in the bread machine and add some flour if it’s too sticky, then I reset for cook only, let the dough sit in the machine all night or all day to rise, and push cook. It has the best flavor of any combination I’ve tried and is light and airy! In fact, it rises so well I might try phasing out the white flour.
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Kelly 05.29.09 at 1:49 am
Thanks, Wendy, I’m ready to try again soon!
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Jennifer 07.05.09 at 8:06 pm
Kelly,
Have you ever tried Kimi Harris’s Everyday Sourdough Bread recipe on The Nourishing Gourmet? BTW, I love your blog!! Any ideas on what to do about grandparents who only have eyes for McDonald’s when it comes to feeding my children during visits?
Jennifer
http://www.thenourishinggourmet.com/2009/01/669.html
Jennifer’s last blog post..Goooood advice!
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Kelly 07.05.09 at 9:28 pm
Hi Jennifer,
Yes, I’ve tried it and I don’t know what I did wrong, but that one bombed for me too. Along with another one I tried again a couple weeks ago. Grrrrrrrrrrr! I’m not giving up!
As to your second question, have you seen this post? http://kellythekitchenkop.com/2009/02/do-your-kids-eat-junk-food-when-visiting-friends-family-new-random-reader-question.html
Kelly
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Lee 07.24.09 at 4:18 pm
One of the secerts of sour dough bread is the method used to make it rise. There are several kinds of sour starters from one that uses yeast, one with white flour, white and wheat flour, all whole wheat flour, and a rye starter. I measure out the starter I need. I then feed the starter for the next day and let it stay at room temp for eight hours before refrigerating for use the next day. Let the dough rise once then punch down and form into round or long loafs. Cover with a clean towel, place on cornmeal and put into the refrigerator for the next day. Take out of the refrigerator to warn up and finish raising. Cut an X or a couple of shashes on top. Egg wash and bake. A steam oven Will create a great crust but since most of us don,t have one put a pan of water in the oven before baking. starting the oven at 450 for the first 15 minutes then turning the oven down to 400 to finish will also give a nice crust too. Yes I admit I am a professional baker.
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Kelly 07.24.09 at 6:27 pm
Thanks, I’ll try the steam oven method next time!
Kelly
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Jenny 07.30.09 at 3:03 pm
I recommend the cookbook by The Cheese Board Collective (a berkeley restaurant/collective that has been producing artisanal food since long before it got popular). Their starter recipe (which kicks things off with stone-ground rye flour, although the final product has no rye taste) works VERY WELL. I can produce an incredible loaf following their directions (both for starter and for bread). I live in LA, and I actually prefer my bread to Bezian’s! That’s because mine is not very sour, while Bezian’s is very sour. Sourdough need not be sour, actually–in Europe it’s considered a sign of laziness on the part of the baker! (I learned that from “Local Breads,” a great bread cookbook by an artisanal baker). Anyway, grab the Cheese Board book from your local library and give it a try. I think you’ll be very pleased.
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KitchenKop 07.30.09 at 8:25 pm
Jenny, does your loaf rise up so it’s not TOO dense? Still haven’t tried again.
Thanks,
Kelly
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Sarah 07.31.09 at 4:36 pm
Oh Look! Someone already referred my sandwich loaf to you!
Have you tried it yet? We like it for a whole wheat sourdough loaf, but it is important to eat it within about four days as it starts to get a bit crumbly after that. . . .
I also wanted to refer you to this link. I’ve been using their technique to make perfect sourdough boules recently. I don’t have a banetton, but simply line a colander with a dishcloth and line the dishcloth with flour to mimic the banneton. It seems to work! I also replace 1 cup of white flour with whole wheat, though this is not a technically whole grain bread recipe:
http://forums.egullet.org/index.php?showtopic=27634
Here’s my notes on making it from those instructions:
http://sarahs-musings.blogspot.com/2009/02/sourdough-success.html
Also, have you considered making something like a foccacia to split open lengthwise for making sandwiches? Mine is awesome. If I do say so myself.
http://sarahs-musings.blogspot.com/2008/10/sourdough-focaccia.html
Anyway, good luck with your sourdough progress!
Best,
Sarah
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Jenny 08.01.09 at 12:13 am
Hey Kelly,
Yes, my bread isn’t dense at all–lots of air pockets, very light and springy (although the crust is crunchier than with a typical loaf of sandwich bread). The key to not having dense bread is to make sure that it’s totally proofed (which for sourdough requires a LONG rising period–mine does its first rise for 12 hrs in the fridge, then 4-6 hrs for the second rise) and that the oven is moist when the bread goes in (which I accomplish by tossing a cup of ice water in a cookie sheet at the base of the oven when I put the loaf in).
Get in there and try again!
It’s all trial and error. I made some yucky loaves before I got it right.
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KitchenKop 08.03.09 at 12:28 am
You guys are a great help, and believe me, as soon as I have time (just got home from camping – just the stinkin’ laundry will take me all week), then I’ll get back to it, but only AFTER reading all these comments carefully again, thanks everyone!
(Yes, I know that sentence was too long, but I’m too tired to fix it.)
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Sabrina Thorn 12.31.09 at 7:17 pm
Hi Kelly,
Have you tried making no knead bread? it uses only 1/4 teaspoon of yeast. I make the Cooks Illustrated version of NKB and love it. It has a great sourdough taste, But have been reading where you can replace the liquid in this recipe with kefir and not use yeast for a nice mild sour dough taste. You may want to try that. I’m gonna try it next week. I have my first batch of kefir doing a second fermentation right now. So after the first I will try a loaf and let you know how it turned out.
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Naomi 12.31.09 at 8:29 pm
Also, you can substitute 1/4 cup sourdough for the 1/4 teaspoon yeast in that no-knead bread. Eric at Breadtopia.com has lots of videos of his breadmaking, and this no-knead is one of them. Although it is not a high-rising loaf; it’s just a good loaf to go with dinner or something. I’m still looking for a good sandwich bread myself. Looks like a lot of good info here to try.
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Susan 02.23.10 at 10:29 pm
I believe SAS is an active yeast, not an instant yeast. Instant yeast is for bread machines, and is generally much more expensive than active yeast. It may be ok after all.
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Sustainable Eats 02.24.10 at 12:27 am
SAF is instant yeast, I just checked. My husband won’t give up traditional sandwich bread so I compromise by soaking the dough overnight with whey and using 1/2 the yeast my recipe calls for. It takes a little longer to rise but I figure it’s 1/2 as bad for us.
Jenny is probably not still reading this thread but I was curious if her two sourdough starters have stayed true or if they’ve crossed or morphed in a new environment. That is the problem that I always have. SF sourdough is only SF in SF, it changes when you bring it to a new climate.
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Leanne 02.24.10 at 1:29 am
OK, I have only read part of the comments, but I wanted to add a few data points.
So far, I’ve had the best results with a half and half loaf: starter and yeast. I get a nice, chewy texture, very high rise and a perfect sandwich bread this way. I’m using a 100% whole wheat starter that is 1/3 all purpose whole wheat flour, 1/3 hard whole wheat flour and 1/3 red fife whole wheat flour (a Canadian heritage wheat that was revived in the 80’s from 1/2 pound of seed and is now commercially viable). The hard wheats (hard ww and red fife) are particularly good for bread. AP WW flour is usually soft wheat which is not well suited to bread making.
I always add a few tablespoons of gluten in the initial mix of ingredients. This gives the dough it’s elasticity and will help with rise.
My friend, a baker, says that 100% sourdough breads need to rise and proof from 12-24 hrs and that this long time frame is needed to get a rise in the absence if commercial yeast.
My feeder can’t be killed. When I first got it from my baker friend, I stuck it in the fridge for two weeks and didn’t touch it. I finally took it out, stirred the separated liquid back into the mix and added a few TBSPs of flour and water. Every day I would add a bit more and now I try to work on an equal measure basis: equal parts starter, flour and water, every day for a few days until ready to use. I bake a couple times per week, so less frequent bakers could feed on a slower time table.
I leave my starter at room temp. Most of the time I pour off the liquid after it separates. Sometimes I stir it back in. Today, I put it into a bowl and fed it once and was delighted to watch how it bubbled more and more over the course of a few hours.
Well, this is long enough, but I hope some of this info may be helpful to you or your readers.
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